Computer security sounds like an abstract concept in a way. It conjures images of FBI special ops units and hackers battling over sensitive or valuable data. But in reality, protection from cyber attacks isn’t a concept restricted to sci-fi and fantasy – it should be an everyday consideration for any business that has an internet connection.
A single phishing email, weak password, or unpatched vulnerability can open the door to serious consequences, data theft, financial loss, reputational damage, or even business closure. For small businesses, the impact can be devastating, as many lack the resources to recover from an attack.
That’s why online security today is about more than just installing antivirus software. It’s about building a culture of cybersecurity – training employees to recognise threats and data breaches, keeping software up to date, securing networks, and having a clear response plan in case of cyber attacks.
Computer security threats that nearly every business faces
1. Cyber threats from AI
Artificial intelligence has revolutionised how businesses operate, but it’s also being weaponised by attackers. AI-driven malware and phishing campaigns can automatically identify vulnerabilities, mimic legitimate communication, or launch large-scale attacks with minimal human effort.
Businesses now need greater defences to keep pace with AI-powered threats. In fact, take a look at these real-world examples of where AI was used to breach businesses.
2. Malicious software (malware)
Malware remains one of the most common and damaging security risks. It includes viruses, ransomware, spyware, and trojans designed to steal data, lock systems, or monitor user activity.
A single infected file or compromised email attachment can cripple operations or expose sensitive information.
3. Cloud, IoT, and edge vulnerabilities
As companies move data and workloads to the cloud and connect more devices to the Internet of Things (IoT), new entry points for cyberattacks emerge. Misconfigured cloud storage, unsecured smart devices, and unpatched edge systems can allow attackers to breach networks or intercept data in transit.
4. System access and identity breaches
Unauthorised access is one of the most direct ways cybercriminals compromise systems. Weak passwords, reused credentials, or a lack of multi-factor authentication make it easy for attackers to break in. Once inside, they can steal data, manipulate configurations, or plant hidden backdoors for future use.
5. Insider threats to computer security
Not all threats come from outside. Employees, whether careless or malicious (let’s hope for the best but plan for the worst here), can expose computer systems to risk by sharing sensitive data, falling for phishing scams, or misusing access privileges. Managing user permissions and providing regular cybersecurity training are essential defences against insider risks.
Take the right security measures
Protect sensitive information and network security from online threats by restricting operating system access and increasing system integrity.
Quickfire computer security questions
Can malicious software impact a virtual private network (VPN)?
Yes, malicious software can impact all computer networks in several ways, in this case, that includes infecting the VPN app itself, compromising the device or host running the VPN, and infecting the VPN provider’s infrastructure. Malware can steal data and credentials, reroute traffic to malicious servers, or turn the user’s device into part of a botnet, undermining the security and privacy that a VPN aims to provide.
What are some basic cyber security measures my organisation should have in place?
On a personal level, strong passwords are important and can be stored and securely accessed with a password manager. Similarly, two-factor authentication can be set up easily and helps add a layer of protection to your application security measures.
Information security needs to be a priority amidst all your internet connected devices which means avoiding free software and keeping systems up to date with security patches.
What should I do if I have an infected computer?
When you’re partnered with PM&A the likelihood of you getting a virus is near-zero. We will help you develop a comprehensive system and plan and stay on call in case you need us.
However, anyone who gets a virus should first disconnect from the internet to prevent further spread. Then, boot into safe mode and run a full scan with a reputable antivirus program to find and quarantine or delete the infected files. At PM&A, we are Sophos secured.
Protect critical data and prevent cyber security breaches with PM&A
At PM&A, we can help you protect your organisation against cyber attacks, data breaches or a computer virus. We can also offer security training and consultation to help with data integrity. And, because we operate within Cape Town and surrounds, our team can physically come to your location to set up, check or maintain computer hardware. Contact us for more information.